Writing and running a simple C++ program

Here is an example of a simple C++ program that prints “Hello, World!” to the console:

#include 

using namespace std;

int main() {
    cout << "Hello, World!" << endl;
    return 0;
}

Let's go through each line of the code:

- `#include `: This line includes the iostream library, which provides input and output functionality.

- `using namespace std;`: This line tells the compiler to use the standard namespace, which contains many C++ library functions.

- `int main() {`: This line defines the main function, which is the entry point of the program. The function returns an integer value, which is typically 0 if the program runs successfully.

- `cout << "Hello, World!" << endl;`: This line uses the cout object to output the string "Hello, World!" to the console. The `<<` operator is used to insert the string into the output stream, and the `endl` manipulator is used to insert a newline character. - `return 0;`: This line returns the integer value 0 to indicate that the program ran successfully. To run this program, you need to follow these steps: 1. Open a text editor (such as Notepad, Sublime Text, or Visual Studio Code) and copy the above code into a new file. 2. Save the file with a .cpp file extension (for example, helloworld.cpp). 3. Open a command prompt or terminal window and navigate to the directory where you saved the file. 4. Type the following command to compile the program:

`
   g++ helloworld.cpp -o helloworld
   

This command uses the g++ compiler to compile the program and create an executable file called helloworld.

5. Type the following command to run the program:

`
   ./helloworld
   

This command runs the helloworld executable and should output "Hello, World!" to the console.

That's it! You have written and run a simple C++ program.