Role-based access control (RBAC) is a security mechanism in Elasticsearch that controls access to specific actions within the cluster based on user roles. RBAC allows administrators to define roles based on the actions that users need to perform, and assign those roles to users. Users can then perform only the actions that are associated with their assigned roles.
In Elasticsearch, roles are defined using a set of privileges, which are permissions to perform specific actions within the cluster. For example, a role might have privileges to perform indexing and search operations but not to delete indices or modify cluster settings. By assigning roles to users, administrators can control access to specific actions within the cluster.
Elasticsearch provides a number of built-in roles, such as superuser, monitor, and user. These roles have predefined sets of privileges that can be assigned to users. Administrators can also create custom roles and specify the privileges associated with those roles.
RBAC in Elasticsearch provides a flexible and granular way to control access to specific actions within the cluster. By assigning roles to users, administrators can ensure that users have access only to the actions they need to perform their job functions, while protecting the cluster from unauthorized access and other security threats.