In C#, an enumeration is a special type that defines a set of named constants. Enumerations provide an easy way to define a group of related constants and use them in your code without having to remember their values.
Here are some of the key concepts related to enumerations in C#:
1. Enumeration declaration: To declare an enumeration in C#, you use the “enum” keyword followed by the name of the enumeration and a list of named constants enclosed in curly braces. For example:
enum DaysOfWeek { Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday }
This defines an enumeration named “DaysOfWeek” with seven named constants representing the days of the week.
2. Enumerations and integers: Under the hood, C# represents enumerations as integers. By default, the first named constant in an enumeration has a value of 0, and each subsequent named constant has a value that is one greater than the previous constant. However, you can assign explicit values to the named constants if you want to.
For example:
enum DaysOfWeek { Monday = 1, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday }
In this example, the named constant “Monday” has a value of 1, and each subsequent named constant has a value that is one greater than the previous constant.
3. Accessing enumeration values: To accessthe values of an enumeration in C#, you use the name of the enumeration followed by the name of the named constant. For example:
DaysOfWeek today = DaysOfWeek.Friday;
This code creates a variable named “today” of type “DaysOfWeek” and assigns it the value “Friday”.
4. Enumerations and switch statements: Enumerations are often used in switch statements to perform different actions based on the value of the enumeration. For example:
switch (today) { case DaysOfWeek.Monday: Console.WriteLine("Today is Monday"); break; case DaysOfWeek.Tuesday: Console.WriteLine("Today is Tuesday"); break; case DaysOfWeek.Wednesday: Console.WriteLine("Today is Wednesday"); break; case DaysOfWeek.Thursday: Console.WriteLine("Today is Thursday"); break; case DaysOfWeek.Friday: Console.WriteLine("Today is Friday"); break; case DaysOfWeek.Saturday: Console.WriteLine("Today is Saturday"); break; case DaysOfWeek.Sunday: Console.WriteLine("Today is Sunday"); break; }
This code uses a switch statement to print a message to the console based on the value of the “today” variable.
Enumerations are a useful tool for organizing and working with related constants in C#. By using enumerations, you can define a set of named constants that are easy to remember and use in your code.