Comments and formatting in C++

In C++, comments and formatting are used to make code more readable and easier to understand. Here are some best practices for commenting and formatting in C++:

1. Comments: Comments are used to explain the purpose of code, provide context, and make it easier for others to understand the code. There are two types of comments in C++: single-line comments and multi-line comments.

– Single-line comments are started with `//` and continue until the end of the line. For example:

// This is a single-line comment
int x = 10; // This is another single-line comment

– Multi-line comments are started with `/*` and end with `*/`. For example:

/* This is a
   multi-line
   comment */
int x = 10; /* This is another
               multi-line comment */

2. Formatting: Formatting is used to make code easier to read and understand. Here are some best practices for formatting C++ code:

– Use indentation to show the structure of the code. For example:

if (x > 0) {
    cout << "x is positive" << endl;
} else {
    cout << "x is non-positive" << endl;
}

- Use white space to separate operators, keywords, and values. For example:

int x = 10;
int y = 5;
int z = x + y;

- Use meaningful variable namesto make the code more readable. For example:

int age = 25;
string name = "John Doe";
double salary = 50000.0;

- Use consistent naming conventions for variables, functions, and classes. For example, use camelCase for variables and functions, and PascalCase for classes. For example:

int numOfStudents = 10;
void printMessage() { /* ... */ }
class MyClass { /* ... */ };

- Use blank lines to separate logical sections of code. For example:

void function1() { /* ... */ }

void function2() { /* ... */ }

int main() {
    function1();

    function2();
}

By following these best practices for commenting and formatting, you can make your C++ code more readable and easier to understand for yourself and others who may need to read and modify your code in the future.