Case classes and objects are a special type of class and object in Scala that provide a number of convenient features. Here's a brief overview of case classes and objects in Scala: 1. Case classes: A case class in Scala is a class that is designed for use in pattern matching. Case classes have several features that make them useful for this purpose: - They are immutable by default, which means that their fields cannot be changed after they are created. - They have a default implementation of the "equals" and "hashCode" methods based on their fields. - They have a default implementation of the "toString" method that prints their fields. Here's an example:
case class Person(name: String, age: Int)
val person = Person("John", 30)
person match {
case Person("John", 30) => println("It's John!")
case _ => println("It's someone else")
}
“
In this example, “Person” is a case class that has two fields (“name” and “age”). We create an instance of “Person” and use it in a pattern match to check its fields.
2. Case objects: A case object in Scala is a singleton object that is similar to a case class. Case objects have the same features as case classes, but they cannot take any parameters. Here’s an example:
`
case object MySingleton {
defdoSomething(): Unit = {
println(“Doing something”)
}
}
MySingleton.doSomething() // prints “Doing something”
In this example, “MySingleton” is a case object that has a single method “doSomething”. We call the method on the singleton object directly.
Overall, case classes and objects in Scala provide a convenient way to define classes and objects for use in pattern matching and singleton objects. Case classes have several features that make them useful in pattern matching, while case objects provide the same features as case classes without the ability to take parameters.